Which country gained independence in 1961, making it a target during the Gulf War?

Kuwait gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1961, and it became a focal point in the Gulf War when Iraq invaded it in 1990. The invasion was driven by various factors, including territorial disputes and Iraq's desire to control Kuwait's oil reserves. The resulting conflict, involving a coalition of countries led by the United States, aimed to restore Kuwait's sovereignty, which it achieved in early 1991. This context establishes Kuwait's historical significance regarding its independence and later geopolitical challenges during the Gulf War, affirming that it is indeed the correct answer.

The other countries listed, while influential in the region, did not gain independence in 1961 or were not involved in the Gulf War in the same direct manner as Kuwait.